1. Kuboha (tatting) Inzira yibanze yo gukora lente kumyenda ni uguhuza urugamba no kuboha.Ibyo bita warp na wefe interweavinging bivuze ko ubudodo bugoretse butunganijwe kugirango bukore bobbin (umutwe wumutwe), umugozi wububoshyi uzungurutswe mumigati, kandi igitambara kibohewe kumyenda.Ubu buryo bwo kubyaza umusaruro bwari bukunzwe cyane muri 1930, kandi bwari nuburyo bwibanze kandi bwingenzi bwo gushyigikira inganda.Muri icyo gihe, umwenda w'igiti wakururwaga mu ntoki, kandi icyuma gikozwe mu giti cyakoreshwaga mu kuboha.Mu ntangiriro ya za 1960, umwenda wa 1511 wahinduwe icyuma, kandi igitambaro cyahagaritswe na moteri.Ubu buryo buracyakoreshwa cyane mumahugurwa mato mato.Ubu bwoko bwa kaseti butandukanye n "" ababanjirije "kubera umwanya muto hamwe nuburyo bwo kuboha.Hariho imwe, ebyiri, mirongo, nibindi, hamwe na layer imwe na layer ebyiri.Mu 1967, itsinda ryubushakashatsi bwurubuga rutagira shitingi, rwari rugizwe ahanini nabakozi bo mu nganda, rwateguye neza kandi rukora imashini yihuta yihuta yimashini itwara amashanyarazi (Ubu ni bwo buryo bwambere bwerekana imyenda igezweho), iyi myenda imenya kuboha nta shitingi, inzira iragufi cyane, kandi imashini ni nto kandi nziza, ifata agace gato, ariko icyingenzi nuko umusaruro wumurimo utera imbere.Ivuka, kuboha ubukorikori mubushinwa byashizeho amateka.Nyuma, mu myaka ya za 70, imashini ikomeza gusiga irangi hamwe nicyuma kuri kaseti yarakozwe neza kandi irazamurwa cyane.Gutunganya kaseti y'amabara nabyo byinjiye mubihe bishya.Inzira gakondo yo kubanza gusiga irangi hanyuma kuboha yagiye ikura buhoro buhoro mubanza kuboha hanyuma irangi, ubanza kuboha hanyuma guhumeka, no gucuma hanyuma gutunganya.Ikoranabuhanga rya lente ryinjiye murwego rwo gukora imashini zikoresha imashini.Kugeza mu ntangiriro ya za 1980, hamwe n'ivugurura ry'igihugu no gufungura, tekinoloji nyinshi zo mu mahanga zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zo kuboha imashini n'imashini zabo zinjira mu isoko ry'Ubushinwa.Kurugero, ishyirwaho ryihuta ryihuta ryumukandara, imashini zicyuma, imashini zipfunyika, hamwe nimashini zintambara mubusuwisi, Ubutaliyani, Repubulika y’Ubudage ndetse n’ibindi bihugu nibyo bigaragara cyane.tera imbere.Mu 1979, umukandara wa mbere SD9-9 rubber ingot umukandara mubushinwa wageragejwe neza hanyuma ukoreshwa.Ibikoresho bya rubber ingot umukandara byarangije amateka yo kwishingikiriza hanze.Hashingiwe kuri ibyo, mu 1980, SD-81A na B ubwoko bubiri bwimashini zumukandara wa rubber zizunguruka, zifite ibiranga ubworoherane, urumuri, kunanuka, gukomera, kurambura duto, nibindi, kandi imbaraga zingaruka mugihe zikora ni nyinshi. ntoya.Ihuriro ni rigufi kandi riringaniye.Nyuma, nyuma yimyaka irenga ibiri yubushakashatsi nigikorwa cyo kugerageza, ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byo kurubuga byageze kuri QC49-92 na TL-VW470.
2. Kuboha (kuboha)kuboha.Mubihe bisanzwe, umubare wudodo wakozwe ni ndetse, kaseti iboshywe ni tubular, umubare wa spindles ntisanzwe, kandi kaseti yaboshywe irareshya.Ubu bwoko bwo kuboha imyenda bwakoreshejwe mubushinwa bwa kera.Umubare wa spindles uratandukanye nibikoresho bitandukanye, ariko mubisanzwe ni hagati ya 9 na 100.Inzira y'ibanze yo kuboha ni: guhumeka no gusiga irangi - kuboha imyenda - kuboha - kugwa Imashini ikata - gupakira.Kuva mu myaka ya za 1960, abantu bo mu nganda bakoze udushya twinshi mu buhanga ku mashini yo kuboha, cyane cyane bibanda ku iterambere rya tekiniki nko kwagura diameter y’ikibaho cy’amashaza, gushyiraho icyuma gihagarika cyikora cyo kumena amabuye ya reberi, no guhindura ibyuma bikajya kuri nylon ingots.Gutezimbere ibi bikoresho byongereye umuvuduko kugera kuri 160-190 rpm, bikuba kabiri igipimo gihagaze, kandi bizamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.Usibye kurubuga, kuboha birashobora no kuboha umugozi.Imikandara ya tubular nimwe murimwe gusa.Abafite umurambararo wa santimetero 1 kugeza kuri 4 barashobora kwitwa imigozi cyangwa imigozi, abafite diameter irenga santimetero 4 nabo bita imigozi, naho abafite diameter irenga santimetero 40 bakunze kwita insinga cyangwa insinga.Mu 1989, inganda zashyizeho ibikoresho by’umurongo w’umurongo w’Ubuyapani umunani, kandi zitanga insinga ya polypropilene umunani mu mwaka wa kabiri.Ibicuruzwa byakozwe nibi bikoresho byatsindiye igihembo cyigihugu cya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga muri uwo mwaka.3. Kuboha Mu myaka ya za 70, kuboha imyenda yo kuboha hamwe nubuhanga bwo kuboha imyenda nabyo byakoreshejwe cyane mubikorwa byo kurubuga.Mu 1973, umusaruro wo kugerageza umukandara wa nylon wagutse wagenze neza.Mu 1982, inganda zatangiye kumenyekanisha imashini zo mu Butaliyani.Ubu bwoko bushya bwimashini ya crochet ifite tekinoroji igezweho hamwe nubwoko butandukanye bwibikorwa.Ifasha cyane mugukora imyenda yoroheje yo gushushanya umukandara, nk'umugozi, umukandara wa elastike, ecran ya idirishya, umukandara wo gushushanya nibindi.Ibikorwa byibanze byikoranabuhanga ni: guhumeka no gusiga - guhinduranya - kuboha - ibyuma - gupakira.
Mbere ya za 1970, igitereko cyumuriro wa firimu cyambaye ubusa cyakozweho umwenda uringaniye, ariko kubera ko tekinoloji itigeze itezwa imbere rwose, diameter yigituba cyangiritse cyane kandi ibisohoka ni bike.Mu gice cya kabiri cya 1974, itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ryateguwe n’inganda ryateguwe mu buryo bwihariye kugira ngo habeho amashanyarazi.Ukurikije ihame ryo kuboha, kuboha no kuboha imyenda irakoreshwa, kandi imyenda idahwitse hamwe nudodo two kuboha byahujwe muri rusange ukoresheje silinderi hamwe na sinker arc yimyenda ikora imyenda kugirango ube umwenda wogosha kandi ushyizwemo igitambaro cyo kuboha imyenda. .Ibi byaje guhinduka umuyoboro usohokera wa pulasitike hamwe n’umuriro mwinshi cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-07-2022